Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

14. Income Taxes

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14. Income Taxes
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

Note 14: Income Taxes

 

Deferred taxes are provided on a liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax basis. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

 

Net deferred tax liabilities consist of the following components as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:

 

  2018     2017  
Deferred tax assets:              
NOL Carryover $ 8,278,500     $ 6,406,000  
Bad Debt Reserve         31,000  
Inventory Reserve   7,300       7,300  
Deferred Rent   10,600        
Accrued Compensated Absences   37,100       46,100  
Charitable Contributions   6,900       3,500  
Subtotal   8,340,400       6,493,900  
Valuation Allowance   (7,619,300 )     (6,458,800 )
Deferred tax liabilities:              
Convertible Notes   (658,800 )      
Depreciation and Amortization   (49,100 )     (16,500 )
Prepaid Expenses   (13,200 )     (18,600 )
Net Deferred Tax Asset $     $  

 

The income tax provision differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. federal tax rate to pretax income from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 due to the following:

 

    2018     2017  
Income Tax Expense Computed at the Statutory Federal Rate   $ (1,890,800 )   $ (1,669,000 )
State Income Taxes, Net of Federal Tax Effect     (506,700 )      
Meals and Entertainment     5,200       10,600  
Stock Options     (3,500 )     225,700  
Intangible Assets     365,400        
Tax Cut and Job Act Impact           2,809,700  
Other     21,400       1,600  
Valuation Allowance     2,009,000       (1,378,600 )
    $     $  

 

At December 31, 2018, the Company had Federal net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $30,053,000 and state net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $28,172,000 that may be offset against future taxable income from the year 2028 through 2038. No tax benefit has been reported in the December 31, 2018 financial statements since the potential tax benefit is offset by a valuation allowance of the same amount.

 

Due to the change in ownership provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, net operating loss carry forwards for Federal income tax reporting purposes are subject to annual limitations. Should a change in ownership occur, net operating loss carry forwards may be limited as to use in future years.

 

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes (“Topic 740”), which requires the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets at currently enacted tax rates for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. A valuation allowance is recognized to reduce the net deferred tax asset to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

 

Topic 740 provides guidance on the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in a company’s financial statements. Topic 740 requires a company to determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination based upon the technical merits of the position. If the more-likely-than-not threshold is met, a company must measure the tax position to determine the amount to recognize in the financial statements.

 

The Company includes interest and penalties arising from the underpayment of income taxes in the statements of operation in the provision for income taxes. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

 

On December 22, 2017, the United States federal government enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “2017 Act”). The 2017 Act will have pervasive financial reporting implications for all companies with U.S. operations, including reduction of the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent.  We reviewed and incorporated the new tax bill implications through 2017 financial statements. We remeasured the deferred taxes at new corporation rate of 21%, which reduced the net deferred tax assets, before valuation allowance, by approximately $2,809,700.  Due to full valuation allowance, the change in deferred taxes was fully offset by the change in valuation allowance.  The 2017 Act has no significant impact on the 2017 financial statements.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company completed its accounting for the effects of the Tax Act which had no significant impact on the 2018 financial statement.

 

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in the state of California. The Company is currently subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities since inception of the Company.